PROBLEMS FACING THE DEVELOPING WORLD

1: PROBLEM 1. POOR HEALTH

There are many problems facing the countries of the Poor South. We regularly see pictures of the Poor South on TV and in newspapers. Many of the people living in these countries are less well off than we are. They are homeless, experience health problems, have little food and are poorly educated, and sometimes also affected by war.
But not everyone who lives in the Poor South is poor. Some people live in comfortable houses, wear good clothes and eat good food. Some countries in the Middle East and Asia have their populations split into the very rich and the very poor. Other areas such as Africa have almost total poverty.

PROBLEM 1: HEALTH
Most people living in the developing world have very poor health. Life expectancy provides us with information about the health of a country. In Catalonia we have El Servei Català de Salut, which looks after our health. In the United Kingdom they have the National Health Service. As a result people in Catalunya or UK can expect to live 75 years on average, whereas countries like Sudan have a life expectancy of 53 years.
WHY DO PEOPLE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAVE POOR HEALTH?
Poor Sanitation: 2.9 billion people do not have safe sanitation facilities
No doctors: there is a shortage of doctors and nurses
No free medicines: people must pay for their medicines
No free health care: people must pay to see a doctor

EXERCISE 1
Now complete this table:

There are four main reasons why people in developing countries have poor health.  One is that there are poor sanitation facilities.  For example, 2.9 billion people do not have things like clean drinking water.  A second reason is that there is a shortage of doctors and nurses.  Also, there is no free health care as people have to pay  for their medicines.

EXERCISE 2

Compare the two countries in the table below very carefully and state which of the two countries is the healthiest. You have to use full sentences and provide evidence by using the statistics in the table. You should start saying:

1 I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows people there live 75  years, whereas in Sudan people live 52 years.

2 I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 7 per 1,000 babies born die in UK, whereas in Sudan 107 per 1,000 babies born die. 

3 I think United Kingdom is the healthiest country because the table shows 1 doctor looks after 710 patients in UK, whereas in Sudan 1 doctor looks after 11,120 patients.

United Kingdom		SUDAN
75 years	Life Expectancy	52 years
7 per 1000 babies born	Infant Mortality (How many babies die per 1000 born)	107 per 1000 babies born
1 Doctor: 710 patients	Doctor Patient Ratio (How many patients a doctor looks after)	1 doctor: 11,110 patients

PROBLEM 2. NO EDUCATION

Education is a very important part of people’s lives. In Catalonia and Scotland, for example, the Government thinks it is important to educate children free of charge. Being able to read and write is important because without education people cannot do many things in life, especially find a good job.

In most developing countries parents must pay to send their children to school. Many people cannot afford to do this and this means that the majority of people are unable to read or write. Even when children in the developing world attend school, their schools are poorly equipped and there is usually a shortage of teachers. As a result, many developing countries have low rates of literacy.

EXERCISE 1

Answer the following questions using your own words:

1. Why are children in Catalonia and Scotland so lucky when it comes to education?

 We are lucky because education is free in our country.

     2. Why is it important to be able to read and write?

It is important to be able to read and write  in order to find a good job

     3. Why are many children in the developing south unable to read and write?

Children in the developing world are not able to read and write because:

- Schools are poorly equipped.
- There is a shortage of teacher.
- Education is not free.

Life in Khalipathar vs Life in Sant Joan Despí

05.00 - 08.00


Girls

We get up and brush our teeth.
We collect water from the well. We carry two, sometimes three, pots on our heads at a time.
Boys
We get up and brush our teeth. Then we exercise. We go jogging for good health. 

I' get up at 7:45, brush our teeth, have a milk, dress, pack mi school back, and go to school.

RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES

1. Country	Life expectancy	Infant mortality per 1000	Daily food intake in calories	GNP ($)
   USA	76	9.7	3642	25,880
   NIGERIA	49	121	2114	280
   SWEDEN	78	5.8	3049	23,530
   UK	76	9.5	3218	18,340
   JAPAN	79	4.8	2858	34,630
   BRAZIL	65	63	2643	2,970
   GERMANY	77	7.5	3476	25,580
   INDIA	58	95	2204	320
   MALAYSIA	68	30	2723	3,480
   UGANDA	49	107	2221	190

   Which countries on the table are the RICHER countries?

HINT!  There are FIVE of them.

The five RICHER countries are  JAPAN  USA  GERMANY  SWEDEN  UK

2. Which countries on the table are the POORER countries?

 HINT!  There are FIVE of them.

The five POORER countries are  NIGERIA  BRAZIL  INDIA  UGANDA  MALAYSIA

3. Complete each sentence with the word HIGH or LOW:

Rich countries have .................................HIGH.....................................Life Expectancy Poor Countries have .....................................HIGH................................Infant Mortality Rich Countries have...................................HIGH.................................... Daily Calorie Intake Poor Countries have a.....................................LOW............................... GNP

4. Read the statement below:

The USA is the RICHEST country in the world’.

5. Do you agree with this statement? Give a reason for your answer!

I agree because High Life Expentancy, Low infant mortality, High daily calorie intake and High GNP. .................................................................................................................................
OR
I disagree because............................................................................................................................

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RICH AND POOR COUNTRIES

Excercise 1:

Country - País.


Life expectancy - Esperança de vida.

Infant mortality per 1000 - Mortalitat ifantil per cada 1000.

Daily food intake in calories - Mitjana de consum d'aliments caloríes

GNP ($) -   Gross National Product

RICH PEOPLE, POOR PEOPLE

Excercise 1:

Translate:

Només quan l'ultim arbre hagi mort.
i l'últim riu hagi estat enverinat.
i lúltim peix hagi estat atrapat.
ens adonarem que no podem menjar diners.













There are many divisions between the people of the world. One of the biggest is the difference between those who live in the RICH NORTH and the POOR SOUTH. The map below shows that the world can be divided into 2 parts: the Rich North and the Poor South.

Countries in the Rich North are also called DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. Examples of developed countries are: Spain, Great Britain, Germany, the USA, Japan and Australia.
A DEVELOPING COUNTRY is another name used to describe countries in the Poor South. Ethiopia, Mozambique, Brazil and India are all examples of developing countries.

The countries in the Poor South are also called LEDCs (Less economically developed countries) or Third World Countries. The North refers to richer countries, which are sometimes called the First World, MEDCs (More economically developed countries) or The West.

EXERCISE 2

Using the map in the previous page and an atlas, copy and complete the table below:



As we saw before, we use many words to describe the difference that exist between the rich and poor parts of the world. Complete the table below:

RICH NORTH WORDS	POOR SOUTH WORDS
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES	DEVELOPING COUNTRY
MEDCs	LEDCs
First Word	Third Word
The Nord	The South

COUNTRY	DEVELOPING COUNTRY	DEVELOPED COUNTRY
Catalonia(Barcelona)		X
Cuba(La Havana)	X
Scotland( Edinburgh)		X
Sudan(Khartoum)	X
USA(Washington)		X
Germany(Berlin)		X
Brazil(Brasília)	X
Ethiopia(Addis Ababa)	X
India(New Behli)	X
New Zealand(Wellington)		X
Colombia(Canberra)	X
Australia(Bogota)		X

THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

CHILD SOLDIERS: Recent estimates suggest that there are almost 300,000 child soldiers throughout the world fighting in over 40 conflicts. In countries such as Burma, Sudan and Afghanistan, children are fighting alongside adults in wars. Many child soldiers are forcibly removed from their homes, taken from their families and made to fight.

Exercise 1:

A. Child soldiers require less food than adult soldiers, so they are cheaper to feed
  - True
B. Child soldiers really want to fight and they go freely to the camps and follow orders without having to be given drugs
   - False
C. Children are more difficult to control than adults
  - False
D. Children are brainwashed and often given drugs
  - True
E. Modern weapons are very light and can be easily handled by children
  - True

Dictation:

STREET CHILDREN:  Many children whose parents have died or no longer want to look after them are left to live on the streets. These children face serious healt problems because of solvent abuse and attending school is not possible for them.

CHILD WORKERS:  Throughout the world, children as young as 5 years old are forced to work. There are 250 million child workers between the ages of 5 and 14. Their work is often dangerous and is a form of slavery.